Sin & Confession

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Sin & Confession

Not just a sacrament you receive once a year. A way of living as though every day could be the day you meet Jesus face to face.

For so long, confession felt like something I did to tick a box. A duty. An obligation I fulfilled and then forgot about until the next time it was required of me. It took me a while to understand what it actually is. We are not promised tomorrow. None of us. And we live in a constant state of sin, whether we name it or not. Confession is the gift that lets you keep your soul clean, so that if Jesus calls you today, you are ready. And when you receive communion, you owe it to Him to receive it worthily. That shift in understanding changed everything for me. I hope it does the same for you.

Hanna, Vine & The Branch

What is on this page

What you will find here

01
Understanding Sin
02
Why Catholics Confess to a Priest
03
Receiving Communion Worthily
04
How to Go to Confession
05
Questions People Ask
06
Scripture on Mercy

The Starting Point

Understanding Sin

Before we can understand confession, we need to understand what sin actually is. Not as a label. Not as a list of rules broken. But as what it truly does to us and to our relationship with God.

What Is Sin?

Sin is not simply rule-breaking. At its heart, sin is a turning away from God. It is choosing something other than Him, something lesser, in a moment where He was asking for our trust. The Catechism describes sin as an offense against reason, truth, and right conscience. It wounds our relationship with God, with others, and with ourselves. Original Sin describes the fallen state all humanity entered through Adam and Eve. Personal sin is what each of us adds to that through our own choices. Both matter, and both have a remedy rooted in God’s mercy.

Mortal and Venial Sin

Not all sin carries the same weight. Mortal sin is a grave matter, committed with full knowledge and deliberate consent. It severs our relationship with God completely and requires sacramental confession to restore. Venial sin is less serious but still real. It weakens our relationship with God and, left unaddressed, can gradually harden the heart. There are also sins of omission, the good we knew we should do and did not. And sins of commission, the wrong we actively chose. Both count. Both need to be brought to God.

Sin Is Not Rule-Breaking  ·  Bible Project
Mortal vs. Venial Sin  ·  Fr. Mike Schmitz

The Sacrament

Why Catholics Confess to a Priest

This is one of the questions Catholics get asked most often, and one many Catholics have quietly asked themselves. The answer is rooted in Scripture, the early Church, and the profound mercy of God.

On the night of His resurrection, Jesus breathed on His apostles and said: “Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive anyone’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you retain anyone’s sins, they are retained.” (John 20:22-23). This was not a metaphor. He gave the apostles a real authority to forgive or withhold forgiveness, which means real confession of sins was required for that authority to be exercised.

The priest does not forgive you as himself. He acts in persona Christi, in the person of Christ. When the priest speaks the words of absolution, it is Christ speaking through him. The early Church practised confession from its earliest days. This is not a medieval invention. It is an apostolic gift.

There is also something deeply human and healing about speaking your sins aloud to another person. The act of putting words to what you have done, of hearing that you are forgiven, creates a kind of closure that silent private prayer alone rarely achieves. Confession is not a burden. It is one of the most generous things God ever gave us.

Why Confess My Sins to a Priest  ·  Fr. Mike Schmitz
Do I Need to Go to Confession  ·  Fr. Mike Schmitz

A Matter of Reverence

Receiving Communion Worthily

The Eucharist is not a symbol. It is Christ. And receiving Him while in a state of mortal sin is one of the most serious things a Catholic can do.

Saint Paul wrote it plainly: whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of profaning the body and blood of the Lord (1 Corinthians 11:27). This is not about being perfect before you approach the altar. None of us are. It is about being reconciled.

If you know you have committed a mortal sin, the path is clear. Go to confession first. Not after Mass. Before. This is not a rule designed to exclude you. It is a rule designed to protect you, and to protect the reverence owed to the Eucharist.

Going to confession before communion is one of the most loving things you can do for yourself. It means you are taking both sacraments seriously. And both deserve that.

Why We Must Receive Communion in a State of Grace  ·  Fr. Mike Schmitz

Step by Step

How to Go to Confession

If it has been a long time, or if you have never been, the process can feel daunting. It is not. Here is exactly what happens, from beginning to end.

1
Examine Your Conscience

Spend some quiet time reflecting on your life since your last confession. Use the Ten Commandments as a guide. Be honest. Be thorough. But do not be scrupulous. God knows your heart.

2
Enter the Confessional

Most parishes offer confession behind a screen or face to face. Either is valid. Begin with: “Bless me Father, for I have sinned. It has been [time] since my last confession.”

3
Confess Your Sins

Tell the priest your sins as honestly and completely as you can. For mortal sins, mention the type and approximate number of times. You do not need to be perfect. Just sincere.

4
Receive Your Penance

The priest will give you a penance, usually a prayer or an act of charity. This is not punishment. It is healing. It helps repair the damage sin has caused and deepens your conversion.

5
Pray the Act of Contrition

Express your sorrow for your sins to God. If you do not know the Act of Contrition by heart, you can say it in your own words. What matters is that the sorrow is real.

6
Receive Absolution

The priest pronounces the words of absolution. In that moment, through the authority Christ gave His Church, your sins are forgiven. Not reduced. Not noted. Forgiven. Leave and do your penance.

How to Go to Confession: Complete Step-by-Step Guide  ·  Ascension
Going to Confession for the First Time in a Long Time  ·  Fr. Mike Schmitz

Questions People Ask

Things People Wonder About

These are the questions that come up most often, from people who are new to confession and from people who have been going their whole lives.

If you forget a sin in good conscience, it is forgiven along with everything else you confessed. God does not hold an honest lapse of memory against you. If you remember it afterward, you can mention it at your next confession. There is no need to panic. The sacrament is still valid.
You can and should always speak to God about your sins. But confession to a priest is not the same thing as private prayer. Christ specifically gave His apostles the authority to forgive sins (John 20:23), which means He intended for that forgiveness to be mediated through His Church. Private prayer opens your heart. The sacrament gives you absolution. Both matter. Only one gives you the certainty of being forgiven.
The Church requires at least once a year, but that is a minimum, not an ideal. Many spiritual directors recommend going monthly, or whenever you become aware of mortal sin. The saints went frequently, sometimes weekly. The more regularly you go, the more you begin to see the subtleties of sin in your life, and the more clearly you see God’s mercy working.
Almost everyone feels this. The priest has heard everything. He is not there to judge you. He is there to be the voice of Christ saying: you are forgiven. The shame you feel before walking in is real, but it is nothing compared to the freedom you feel walking out. The enemy uses shame to keep you away from the one place that dissolves it.
Feelings are not the same as facts. The fact is: if you confessed with genuine sorrow and received absolution, you are forgiven. Completely. The lingering guilt is often the awareness that consequences of sin still exist, or a broken-heartedness over having hurt God. None of these mean you are not forgiven.
Keep going. The very fact that you keep returning means you have not given up. That matters. The goal is not just forgiveness but conversion, which is a slower, deeper work than a single confession. Each time you confess the same sin, you are naming it, renouncing it, and choosing God over it again. Do not let the enemy use your repetition as a reason to stop going.

What God Says

Scripture on Mercy and Forgiveness

These are not comfort verses. They are promises. Read them slowly.

Luke 15  ·  The Prodigal Son
While he was still a long way off, his father saw him and was filled with compassion. He ran to his son, threw his arms around him and kissed him.
John 20:23
If you forgive anyone’s sins, their sins are forgiven; if you retain anyone’s sins, they are retained.
Psalm 51:1-2
Have mercy on me, O God, according to your steadfast love. Wash away all my iniquity and cleanse me from my sin.
1 John 1:9
If we confess our sins, he is faithful and just and will forgive us our sins and purify us from all unrighteousness.
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